July 13, 2023 - 4:00pm

One of the most disturbing pieces of footage doing the rounds during the recent rioting which swept France shows an off-duty police officer lying motionless on the ground, as a helpless colleague tries to shield him. Despite their casual t-shirts and jeans, the officers were recognised by rioters and attacked in Marseille’s city centre. Following claims from both riot sympathisers and opponents online that the officer was killed, it was made clear that he had been hospitalised with a broken jaw.

Although in excess of 700 police officers were injured (some fired upon with live ammo) during the riots, there was also a concerning trend of attacks against off-duty officers under the cover of unrest and a wave of anti-police sentiment — attacks which bear the hallmarks of coordination and premeditation.

As Agnes Poirier elaborated in the Times, French enmity for the police is hardly new and cuts across class and demographic lines. In a country where rioting is joked about as a national pastime, footage of dramatic confrontations with law enforcement was a regular feature of both the Gilets Jaunes protests and the more recent pension reform unrest. Yet, obscured by extensive coverage of the most spectacular and costly riots since 2005, piecing together local and law enforcement reporting makes it possible to observe a unique and emerging trend. Namely, the specific targeting of police officers and officials well away from the epicentre of the riots — in some cases at home with their children.

On the same day as the Marseille assault, in an otherwise quiet part of the Île-de-France region, a Paris-based policeman and his family were awakened in the night to the threats of a group of men gathered outside their home. The gang set the officer’s car alight before fleeing the scene. In the following days, again in Île-de-France, a policewoman driving with her children was pursued and rammed by another vehicle attempting to box her in.

In a separate but more spontaneous incident, a policeman became embroiled in a parking dispute with another group. The argument escalated to an assault which left the officer hospitalised, all witnessed by his young daughter in the car. According to reports, it was the victim’s identification as a cop which triggered the assault.

Less than a week ago, a 24-year-old officer was attacked on his way home after midnight in the Yvelines department. During the ordeal the officer’s car was stolen — along with his service weapon. The car was later found burnt out but the gun remains missing, only adding to the caches of firearms stolen during the unrest.

To highlight these disparate incidents is not for a moment to distract from the wrongful killing of 17-year-old Nahel Merzouk at the hands of police in Nanterre. They do, though, raise significant questions about increasingly bold anti-police violence, the attacks’ apparent coordination and officers’ personal details somehow coming into the possession of criminal gangs.

Indeed, within hours of Merzouk’s death, the name and private address of the officer responsible for the shooting were widely shared on social media alongside calls for retribution. One circulating photo appeared to show a social security document — the kind ordinarily only available to a municipal or hospital worker. In any case, the family of the officer who has been arrested and charged have since been moved for their safety.

The shocking attempted assassination of a local mayor and his family in the quiet suburb of L’Haÿ-les-Roses has understandably overshadowed these attacks, but it is imperative to connect the dots and show how that incident, troubling as it was, was far from unique. 

Burning cars and barricades may be plus ça change in the hexagon, but the general anger and restlessness of French political life does not explain the intentional targeting, assaults and attempted murders of officers and officials in their own homes, surrounded by their families. This particular trend suggests not spontaneous rage in response to a single event, but instead a more intense and prolonged hostility to police, to republican institutions — and little in the way of concern for any consequences.


Liam Duffy is a researcher, speaker and trainer in counter-terrorism based in London.

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